Ecuador travel advice

This advice has been reviewed and reissued with amendments to the Summary and the Natural Disasters section (activity of Tungurahua volcano). We continue to advise against travel to Baños City due to the increased activity of Tungurahua volcano.

Travel Summary

• We advise against all travel to the areas bordering Colombia in the province of Sucumbios, due to the risks of guerrilla activity in these areas. Visitors to southern parts of Sucumbios should exercise caution due to the risks of criminal activity.
  

• We advise against travel to Baños City due to increased activity of the Tungurahua volcano, which began on 31 December 2009. See the Natural Disasters (Tungurahua) section of this Travel Advice.
  

• In November 2009, a series of power cuts were ordered by the Ecuadorian Government. Please see the Natural Disasters (El Niño) section of this Travel Advice.
  
  

• Crime is still on theincrease. See the Crime section of this Travel Advice.
  

• Road travel can be dangerous due to bad driving, poor condition of roads and ill-maintained vehicles. In April 2008 five British Citizens were killed and others injured in a collision between a bus and a lorry in Manabi. See the Road Travel section of this Travel Advice.

• Around 27,600 British nationals visited Ecuador in 2008 (Source: Ecuadorian Immigration Records). Most visits were trouble-free. 33 British nationals required consular assistance in Ecuador in the period 01 April 2008 – 31 March 2009 for the following types of incident; deaths (14 cases); hospitalisations (8 cases); and arrests, for a variety of offences (2 cases). During this period assistance was also requested with regard to lost or stolen passports (92 cases). See the Crime section of this Travel Advice.
  

• There is a low threat from terrorism, but you should be aware of the global risk of indiscriminate terrorist attacks, which could be in public areas, including places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.
  

• With effect from 4 June 2009, foreigners wishing to marry to an Ecuadorian citizen in Ecuador must have resided in Ecuador for at least 75 continuous days before being eligible. See the Entry Requirements section for more details.
  

• We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should ensure that your policy covers you for all the activities you plan to undertake. See the General (Insurance) section of this Travel Advice.

Safety and security

Terrorism

There is a low threat from terrorism, but you should be aware of the global risk of indiscriminate terrorist attacks, which could be in public areas, including places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers. For more general information see Terrorism Abroad.

Crime

On 30 September 2009, the Ecuadorian Government announced a 60 day ‘state of exception’ (state of emergency) for the cities of Guayaquil, Quito and Manta in response to the current crime wave. This enabled Ecuadorian military forces to be used in conjunction with police units, with an increase in vehicle checkpoints. Although this action ended in December 2009, Ecuadorian nationals and foreigners are still advised to carry their identity documents at all times. If driving, ensure you have your driving licence, vehicle insurance papers (SOAT) and registration card (matricula) with you at all times.

Cases of serious armed robbery are on the increase, and muggings and pick pocketing are common. Backpackers are seen as an easy target. In Quito, you should be particularly wary in ‘La Carolina’ and ‘El Ejido’ parks, and in ‘La Mariscal’, 'La Carolina', 'La Floresta' and ‘La Marin’ districts, as well as in the old town and the central bus station. In Guayaquil, be particularly cautious in the Kennedy, Alborada, Urdesa and Malecon Simon Bolivar districts. You should avoid wearing expensive jewellery when walking in the streets and travelling on public transport. We recommend that you wear your rucksack on the front of your body and avoid storing anything under your seat or in overhead luggage space. Keep a close watch on your bags and belongings when in restaurants or cafes as thieves are constantly on the lookout to make a ‘grab and run’.

Rape and sexual assault is a growing problem in Ecuador. The most recent case involving a British national took place in November 2008 in Vilcabamba in the south of the country, where the victim was drugged. There have also been a growing number of reports of rape and armed attacks on visitors in both rural and urban areas. British and other foreign nationals have been affected. The areas surrounding the antennas of Volcan Pichincha and the 'Teleferico' (cable car), in Quito are particularly vulnerable. In July 2008 the police arrested a suspect thought to have been responsible for the attacks around the 'Teleferico'. However, because of its isolation we continue to recommend that you avoid hiking in the area outside the 'Teleferico' upper platform, towards the Ruco Pichincha, and to be very wary when in the vicinity of the cable car installation.

For more information see Rape and Sexual Assault Abroad.

A British national was shot dead in February 2009 in Pedernales, in the north west of Manabi province, in the coastal region of Ecuador, while undertaking conservation work. We advise you to seek as much local information as possible about the safety of the area you will be visiting before travelling. We also advise you to be alert and to travel in a group whenever possible.

There has also been a large increase in the number of robberies outside banks in Quito, especially in the northern part of the city. The authorities suspect that gang members inside banks inform others outside when a potential target withdraws cash. Both Ecuadorians and foreigners have been targeted. You should exercise caution when withdrawing money from a bank or cash point. Avoid isolated cash machines and/or ATM's in the street.

There has been an upsurge in cases of assailants using drugs to subdue victims. Home made versions of the drug 'scopolamine', which is made in Ecuador for medical use, leave victims in a sedated, compliant state and cause amnesia. The drug is administered through food, drinks, cigarettes, aerosols, or powder. In at least one incident drugs were administered through a chemical soaked into a leaflet. You should be wary of unsolicited approaches from strangers offering you food, drinks, leaflets, telephone cards or cigarettes, no matter how friendly or well dressed they appear.

Armed robbery is a constant hazard throughout Ecuador. In early March 2008 a hotel in the Mindo area, north-west of Quito, was robbed at gunpoint. Nine British tourists were among the victims, though none were physically injured. Armed robberies have also taken place over the years in other areas where jungle lodges are located. For this reason we advise general caution when booking or staying in remote hotel locations throughout Ecuador.

Armed assaults involving serious violence continue to increase throughout Ecuador, especially in Quito and Guayaquil. On 13 September, in an attempted robbery, a French citizen was shot by two men while in a taxi in the area of Guapulo in Quito, and later died, allegedly as a result of having not received prompt medical attention. The clinic which treated her has been reported to have demanded prior payment guarantees as a condition for treatment.

‘Express kidnappings’ are a common crime in Ecuador. Both Ecuadorians and foreign visitors are targets. In June 2009 a British tourist was ‘express-kidnapped’ from a hotel in the north of Quito. The kidnappings involve short-term opportunistic abductions aimed at extracting cash from victims who are selected at random. They are held while criminals empty their bank accounts using the victims’ bank cards. Once the money has been taken the victim has usually been released in an isolated area. However, victims are now often forced to take their abductors to their homes once the money has been withdrawn, and violence against victims is becoming more common. Be particularly aware of the dangers in Guayaquil and in the south of Ecuador, including at the Ecuador/Peru border crossings of Macará and Huaquillas, as most reported incidents happen in these areas.

The number of cases of attacks by drivers of unregistered taxis has also risen. For your own safety, you should only use authorised taxis (yellow cabs) that display their taxi registration sticker on the windscreen or doors. You should avoid hailing taxis on the street, and should instead book one through your hotel or by calling a known radio taxi service. Larger supermarkets and airports also have taxi ranks.

Armed gunmen regularly hold up buses at night. You should not travel by road after dark, in particular on long distance and international buses. Cases involving British nationals have been reported at the Macará and Huaquillas Ecuador/Peru border crossings and in the provinces of El Oro, Los Rios, Guayas, Azuay, Manabi, Tungurahua, Chimborazo and Imbabura. You should also avoid taking interstate buses that have a reputation for stopping en route to pick up passengers as many bandits use this means to attack passengers.

For more general information see Victims of Crime.

Political Situation

Ecuador Country Profile

President Rafael Correa took office on 15 January 2007. General elections took place on 26 April 2009 and President Correa was re-elected.
In September and October 2009 there were several demonstrations against the government. On 30 September, a demonstration in Macas in the province of Morona Santiago reportedly led to the death of at least one person and injury to others, including members of the security forces.

Local Travel

Street demonstrations, protests and strikes are common in Ecuador. Although most are peaceful, some can turn violent. You should monitor local media and take care to avoid any area in which large crowds are gathering.

You should avoid all travel to the border areas in the northern province of Sucumbios including the town of Lago Agrio. Colombian guerilla groups and criminal gangs are known to have influence in all areas bordering Colombia. Foreigners, including oil workers, are targets in these areas and the crime rate is high. In July 2002, a British oil worker and his driver were kidnapped and subsequently killed.

Travel to the areas immediately bordering Colombia in Carchi province (except Tulcan city) and San Lorenzo town in the north of Esmeraldas province are particularly dangerous as a result of criminal activity and organised crime, including drug trafficking, armed assaults, extortion, kidnapping, the illegal arms trade and violent murder.

Road Travel

To hire a car you must hold a valid British or international driving licence. The Ecuadorian police also recommend the use of a local temporary driver permit. You should carry your passport, driving licence, vehicle registration and proof of insurance with you.

Road conditions are generally unpredictable in Andean and coastal areas. The situation around the country always deteriorates following heavy rains, particularly between January and June and heavy rains and mudslides often close or wash away roads. There were serious landslides on the routes Aloag-Santo Domingo connecting Quito and Guayaquil, and Calacali-La Independencia as a result of heavy rains in February 2009. The Loja-Vilcabamba route in the south of Ecuador was also damaged by heavy landslides on 4 April, and road access was restricted.

Serious accidents are common due to poor road conditions. Driving can also be dangerous because of the poor condition of vehicles and careless driving. On 12 April 2008 near the coastal town of Jipijapa in the province of Manabi, a collision between a bus carrying foreign tourists and a lorry resulted in the deaths of five British nationals. When taking public buses in Ecuador, you are advised to check the reputation of the bus company and ensure that that the company is insured with a 'SOAT', a ‘mandatory traffic accident insurance policy’.

Road conditions in the Amazon region are generally very poor and driving is hazardous.

When taking yellow taxis in the major cities you should ensure that the taxi meter is reset. The minimum charge in Quito is USD 1, even if the meter registers less.

For more general information see Driving Abroad.

Rail Travel

Some tourists travelling by train on the Riobamba to Devil’s Nose route follow the local custom of travelling on the roof of the train. We advise against this because of the serious risks posed by cables and bridges along the route. In early 2007 two Japanese passengers travelling on the roof died after being struck by a cable suspended across the track. Two British tourists were also injured.

Air Travel

You should reconfirm your onward flight at least 72 hours before departure, even if you have an electronic ticket.

Quito international airport departure tax is US$40.80. International departures from Guayaquil cost US$27.16.

For more general information see Airline Security.

Sea Travel

There have been incidences of piracy and armed robbery against ships in and around Ecuador’s waters. Mariners are advised to be vigilant and take appropriate precautions.

For more general information see River and Sea Safety.

Local laws and customs

Ecuador borders Colombia and Peru. Drug production and trafficking is widespread in both these countries, and resulting criminal activity extends into Ecuador. You need to be aware that any involvement in the trafficking or use of illegal drugs is a serious crime for which the penalties are harsh and prison conditions are extremely grim. Over 90% of foreign prisoners are in jail for drug related crimes.

It is a legal requirement to carry some form of identification with you at all times. A photocopy of your passport pages that include your photograph and entry stamp will suffice.

For more general information for different types of travellers see Your trip.

Entry requirements

Visas

Since June 2008, all foreign nationals have been allowed to visit Ecuador without a visa. However, those with criminal records in Ecuador may still be denied entry. On arrival in the country, the immigration police will normally allow holders of British passports to remain in Ecuador for up to 90 days. If you are planning on staying in Ecuador for more than three months, obtain a visa from an Ecuadorian Embassy before your arrival in the country. In certain circumstances, a 91-day extension for tourist visas can be applied for at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Please check their website for further details and requirements.

If you enter Ecuador via the border with Peru or Colombia you must insist on being given an entry stamp at the border showing the date of your arrival. There have been cases of buses not stopping at the border, which has caused difficulties for foreign visitors.

Overstaying without permission from the immigration authorities is an offence and will result in a US$200 fine and deportation. In order to avoid a fine you should ensure that you get an entry stamp in your passport on arrival in the country and that you leave before the 90 days is up. If for any reason you overstay, you will have to pay the fine at a bank and take the deposit slip to show to the immigration authorities at the airport. You need to be aware that once you have paid the fine you have 48 hours to leave the country. We recommend that you avoid overstaying because you will not be allowed back into Ecuador for six months and your name could remain on immigration records.

If you are thinking of joining one of the “volunteer” or “adventure expeditions” programmes, particularly popular with gap-year students, we advise you to ensure that the organisation is fully represented or partnered in Ecuador. It is important to reassure yourself that any agent in Ecuador has sufficient autonomy to act in an emergency. We recommend that you register with the British Embassy on arrival in Ecuador. This can be done on-line using the LOCATE service.

As a British national you do not need a visa before travelling to Ecuador if you intend to marry, but you will be subject to the normal immigration rules and must fulfil the new marriage regulation submitted by the Ecuadorian Registry Office on 4 June 2009. Any foreigner must reside in Ecuador for at least 75 consecutive days before being entitled to get married in Ecuador, except for those foreigners who have registered children with Ecuadorian citizens, who are entitled to get married immediately. Contact the British Embassy in Quito for further information on how to obtain a Certificate of No Impediment, or refer to the Consular services section of the Embassy's website.

If you wish to work or study in Ecuador, you should check visa requirements with the Ecuadorian mission in London before travelling. This is also vital if you have any record of criminal activity in Ecuador, to check whether you will be allowed into the country.

Passport validity

You must ensure that your passport is valid for at least of six months from the date of your arrival or until the date of your depature from Ecuador, whichever is the longest.

Travelling with children

Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that some countries require documentary evidence of parental responsibility before allowing lone parents to enter the country or, in some cases, before permitting their children to leave the country. For further information on exactly what will be required please contact the Ecuadorian Embassy in London.

Health

Good medical treatment can be expensive and is not always available outside the main cities.

Malaria and Dengue Fever are health risks in all coastal and jungle provinces, the interior and in the highlands below 2000 metres. Malaria is found mainly in the coastal province of Esmeraldas. In 2007 there was a marked increase in the number of reported cases of Dengue Fever across the region, for which there is no vaccination or immunisation. Dengue Fever is endemic to Latin America and the Caribbean and can occur throughout the year.

On 21 May 2008, the Ecuadorian Health Ministry recommended Yellow Fever vaccinations for all travellers to the provinces of Morono-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Zamora-Chinchipe and Sucumbíos in the Amazon basin.

High altitude, such as in Quito (2,800 metres) can affect your health. If visiting Quito you are advised to take it easy for the first few days and drink plenty of water.

In the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic the UNAIDS/WHO Working Group estimated that around 25,000 adults aged 15 or over in Ecuador were living with HIV; the prevalence rate was estimated at around 0.3% of the adult population. This compares to the prevalence rate in adults in the UK of around 0.2%. You should exercise normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS. For more general information on how to do this see HIV and AIDS.

You should seek medical advice before travelling to Ecuador and ensure that all appropriate vaccinations are up-to-date. For further information on vaccination requirements, health outbreaks and general disease protection and prevention you should visit the websites of the National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) and NHS Scotland’s Fit for Travel or call NHS Direct on 0845 46 47.

For more general health information see Travel Health.

Natural disasters

Volcanoes

One of Ecuador's attractions are the many active volcanoes found throughout the country, but their natural beauty hides serious dangers For further information, see the National Ecuadorian Geophysics Institute website (in Spanish) or Smithsonian Global Volcano Programme website (in English). If travelling in these areas, you should follow media reports and the advice or instructions of the local authorities.

Tungurahua

Tungurahua volcano, near the resort of Baños has shown increasing activity since late 31 December 2009. Baños city experienced seismic tremors and light ash falls. On 3 January, lava started to flow from the volcano and explosive noises could be heard in the surrounding area. Activity has increased since 11 January 2010, with greater ash flow towards the south west part of the volcano. The presence of lava, ash and volcanic rocks could generate mud flow (lahars) and landslides during the expected rains, cutting off roads. The Ecuadorian authorities have forbidden all access to the volcano and its immediate surroundings. We therefore advise against all travel to the volcano in all directions, including Baños city until further notice.

In late 2007 and early 2008 volcanic activity in Tungurahua, increased significantly. On 6 February 2008 Tungurahua erupted, expelling burning rocks towards the north west, west and south west of the volcano. The ash affected many areas in Tungurahua and Chimborazo provinces, and parts of the province of Cañar. Some rural families were evacuated. Intensity of the volcano's activity was variable in 2008, increasing in frequency and force in June 2009. Landslides, known locally as 'lahars' - created by rain mixed with volcanic rocks and mud - regularly cut off road communication between Baños and Ambato and/or Puyo, but access is usually re-established relatively quickly.

If you are in Baños when an emergency occurs you should to try to reach the evacuation shelters on the east side of town, around 'Santa Ana' neighbourhood. This is on the main road out of Baños towards Puyo. Evacuation routes are marked with yellow arrows throughout the town. There is also a siren system to alert people to evacuate.

For further information, for those who speak Spanish, the Civil Defence Committee can be contacted on 00593 3 2741789 or 740. You should also check the website of the National Ecuadorian Geophysics Institute (in Spanish) for the very latest information. For easier reference see the Baños Evacuation Map on the British Embassy Quito website.

Reventador

On 8 November 2008 Reventador volcano, in Napo Province, began to show increased activity, expelling burning rocks, lava and ash. The volcano's activity has now reduced, but you are still advised not to attempt to climb the volcano.

Sangay

Sangay volcano, located between the provinces of Chimborazo and Morona Santiago, has increased in activity since the end of December 2006.

Cotopaxi

Cotopaxi volcano, in Cotopaxi province, is a popular visitor location due to its closeness to the capital, and it is climbed by many amateur mountaineers. Its activity closely monitored by the Ecuadorian authorities and considered active, but not currently dangerous.

Earth tremors

Earth tremors happen most of the time, although many are not felt. Generally there are between 100 and 200 noticeable tremors (4 and above on the Richter Scale) per year throughout Ecuador and most happen in coastal regions. On 15 August 2007, there were minor tremors throughout Ecuador, although mainly felt in the southern coastal regions, due to a major earthquake in Peru. In 200 the seismic activity decreased, with only two major events in the Guayaquil Gulf and Santa Elena province (above 5 on the Richter scale). In 2009 most of the seismic events were located in the coastal region (Guayas, Manabi, Esmeraldas Provinces and in the Pacific Ocean) with 4 and above on the Richter scale.

El Niño

Ecuador is vulnerable to the irregular 'El Niño' climatic phenomenon. Coastal regions are normally the most affected but also at risk are the jungle regions of Orellana, Morona Santiago and Sucumbios (for security reasons we advise against travel to the north of this Province), where heavy rains and widespread flooding can occur. Other 'El Niño' effects include the risk of landslides in the regions of Bolivar, Cañarand Azuay; and a hotter climate in all parts of Ecuador.

In November 2009, the Ecuadorian Government announced a national energy emergency due to severe drought which has affected the whole country. Power cuts have been ordered during certain hours throughout Ecuador, which could be extended until the February-March 2010.

At the end of December 2009 and beginning of January 2010, there were tidal in the north of Esmeraldas province, located in the north of the coastal region of Ecuador. Rioverde village was heavily damaged by the waves. Many families were evacuated and the electricity service and some roads were suspended. Other Provinces in the coastal region, such as Manabi, Guayas and El Oro were affected, but less so. Tidal activity has now lessened; however, if you are travelling to the coastal region of Ecuador your should monitor the local news and early alerts from the local authorities.

General

Insurance

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. For more general information see our Travel Insurance page.

Here's how we can help if things go wrong.

Registering with the British Embassy

We advise all travellers to register with the British Embassy using our on-line LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency.

Money

Besides Ecuadorian-minted 5c, 10c, 25c and 50c coins, which are used in parallel with the US equivalents, the US Dollar is the only legal currency in Ecuador. Credit cards and travellers’ cheques are generally accepted in the cities. You should ensure you bring enough money, in the form of US Dollars (preferably in small denominations up to US$20 notes), or travellers' cheques.

You should use your credit and debit cards with caution. If you use an ATM, do so during business hours at a location inside a bank, supermarket or large commercial building.

Colombia travel advice

This advice has been reviewed and reissued with amendments to the Summary, Natural Disasters section (eruption of Galeras Volcano) and Passports section. The overall level of the advice has not changed.

Travel Summary

• We advise against all but essential travel to all rural areas bordering Panama, Venezuela and Ecuador, to the towns of Buenaventura and San José del Guaviare and the areas surrounding them; and to the Parque Nacional Natural de La Macarena in the department of Meta.
  
  
• We advise against all but essential travel in areas of intensive coca cultivation (see the Crime section of this Travel Advice), including the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
  
  
• Though the overall security situation in Colombia has improved considerably in recent years, the threat of terrorism is still high in many parts of the country. A bomb attack in Bogotá in January 2009 killed two people and injured at least twenty others. Attacks can be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers, and in the vicinity of government buildings and military establishments. See the Terrorism/Security section of this Travel Advice.
  
  
• In January 2010 the Galeras Volcano in Nariño Department erupted. See the Natural Disasters (Volcanoes ) section of this Travel Advice.
  
  
• In many areas of Colombia, the security situation can change very quickly. In general, the more remote the area, the greater the potential threat to your safety. See the Terrorism/Security and Crime sections of this Travel Advice.
  
  
• Kidnapping remains a serious problem and Colombia continues to have a high rate of kidnapping for ransom. By following this advice the chances of your being kidnapped will be much lower.
  
  
• In 2007, 886 people were killed or injured in Colombia by landmines, more than in any other country in the world. When travelling in rural areas you should always follow local warnings about the presence of landmines.
  
  
• Around 18,000 visits are made by British passport holders to Colombia every year (Source: Colombian State Security Department - DAS). Most visits are trouble-free. 11 British nationals required consular assistance in Colombia in the period 01 April 2008 – 31 March 2009 for the following types of incident; deaths (1 case); hospitalisations (7 cases). During this period assistance was also requested with regard to lost or stolen passports (56 cases). Bogotá and Cartagena are increasingly popular tourist destinations. The main type of incident for which British nationals required consular assistance in Colombia in 2007 was the theft of personal belongings, including passports. Street crime is a particular problem in major cities. You should avoid unnecessary travel to deprived areas of all Colombian cities.
  
  
• We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. See the General (Insurance) section of this Travel Advice and our Travel Insurance page.
  
  
• You should be aware that the British Embassy in Bogota no longer issues full validity passports. All applications must now be submitted to the British Consulate in Washington. More information can be found at http://ukinusa.fco.gov.uk on how to apply.
  

Safety and security

Terrorism/Security

Though the security situation in Colombia has improved considerably in recent years, the threat of terrorism is still high in many parts of the country. In Bogotá, where the threat has decreased in recent years, indiscriminate attacks do still occur. A bomb attack on a video-rental store in the north of Bogotá on 27 January 2009, killed two people and injured at least twenty others. You should be vigilant, particularly when visiting or staying in public places used by expatriates and foreign travellers, and in the vicinity of government buildings and military establishments. For more details see our Terrorism Abroad page.

We advise against all but essential travel to rural areas bordering Panama, Venezuela and Ecuador; the towns of Buenaventura and San José del Guaviare and the areas surrounding them; and to the Parque Nacional Natural de La Macarena in the department of Meta. These areas are particularly dangerous due to the significant presence of illegal armed groups and high levels of coca cultivation.

There are a number of illegal armed groups operating throughout Colombia. Because they are mobile there are many parts of the country where it is not possible to determine in advance whether they will be unsafe at a particular time. In general, the more remote the area, the greater the threat to your safety. If it is essential that you travel to areas that are remote or reported to be dangerous, you are advised to seek professional security advice and make arrangements for your security throughout your visit. You should seek up-to-date advice from the local authorities before each stage of your journey. The Parque Nacional Tayrona is a popular tourist destination for Colombians and foreigners alike. You are advised only to visit beach areas and resorts you are reliably advised are safe and not to venture inland as illegal armed groups are active and drugs are grown and processed in the area.

The Pacific coast of Chocó is a popular eco-tourist destination, particularly for whale-watching. However, much of Chocó is remote and unsafe. On the coast, the town of Bahia Solano is considered less dangerous. If you intend to travel to this town, we recommend that you do so only by air and that you do not venture inland or along the coast out of town. Illegal armed groups and drugs traffickers are active in the area. Six tourists were kidnapped from Nuqui in January 2008, by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).

Although the terrorist threat in most urban centres is now relatively low, the threat is still real. For example, in August 2008 a large car bomb exploded in central Cali killing four people and destroying much of the Palacio de Justicia. On 1 February 2009, a bomb attack against a police station in central Cali left two dead.

In addition to the FARC, the ELN (National Liberation Army) is a major illegal armed group active in many parts of Colombia. A large number of armed criminal groups, many of them involved in the illegal drugs trade, have formed following the demobilisation of the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC). These include the ‘Aguilas Negras’ (Black Eagles).

Crime

Drugs, organised crime and terrorism are inextricably linked in Colombia. Control of the drugs trade is a major driver of much of the armed conflict. We advise against all but essential travel in areas of large-scale coca cultivation. In its June 2009 survey on coca cultivation in Colombia , the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime reported an 18% decline in the amount of coca cultivation in the country but identified areas of Colombia with potentially high levels of coca as including the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, areas of north-eastern Magdalena, south-western La Guajira, southern Cordoba, southern Bolívar, northern Antioquia, southern Meta, northern and central Guaviare, central Aranca, central Vichada, western Cauca, eastern and western Nariño, and western and northern Putumayo (see map on p.9 of the UNODC report.) There is a high risk to your personal safety in any area where coca, marijuana or opium poppies are intensively cultivated and a particularly high risk in the vicinity of cocaine processing labs.

Criminal violence is a serious problem in Colombia. Both Colombia’s illegal armed groups, and other criminal groups, are heavily involved in the drugs trade and in other serious crime including kidnapping (for ransom and for political purposes), money laundering and the running of extortion and prostitution rackets.

Kidnapping remains a serious problem. Whilst levels of kidnappings have fallen off dramatically since peaking in 2000, Colombia continues to have a high rate of kidnapping for ransom. 687 kidnappings were recorded in 2006 and 521 in 2007 (Source: Fundación País Libre). Most foreign nationals are potential targets for kidnapping, including backpackers and those working for foreign organisations. There remains a significant risk of attack or kidnap in many more difficult parts of the country. In April 2008 a British national was kidnapped near Cali. He was held for almost one week before being rescued by the security forces. You should be aware that the long-standing policy of the British Government is not to make substantive concessions to hostage takers. The British Government considers that paying ransoms and releasing prisoners increases the risk of further hostage taking.

We currently advise against all but essential travel to the port of Buenaventura in the department of Valle de Cauca. Illegal armed groups and criminal gangs are very active in this notoriously violent Pacific coastal city.

We advise against all but essential travel to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, including the ‘Lost City’. Armed groups are still active in this area, there is extensive cultivation of illegal drugs and the risk of kidnap remains high. While tour organisers may assure you that the area is safe, we do not believe it to be so. The Parque Nacional Tayrona is a popular tourist destination for Colombians and foreigners alike. You are advised only to visit beach areas and resorts you are reliably advised are safe and not to venture inland as illegal armed groups are active and drugs are grown and processed in the area.

If you plan to visit the archaeological park at San Agustín in the department of Huila we advise you to enter and leave on the main road through Neiva and not by other routes.

There has been a marked increase in criminal activity in urban areas, including Bogotá. Common crimes such as mugging and pick pocketing are often accompanied by violence. Foreign visitors present a tempting target to thieves, pickpockets and drug traffickers. When walking in urban areas, you should avoid any unnecessary display of wealth. You should only use pre-booked taxis, where possible. You should be wary of unsolicited approaches from strangers. There have been several cases of assailants using drugs to subdue their intended victims. Drugs can be administered through food, drinks, needles, cigarettes, aerosols, powder, and have even been impregnated in ‘flyers’ handed out at traffic lights. These drugs can take effect extremely quickly, allowing an assailant to rob the victim and escape before the attack can be reported. It can take several days for the drug to wear off and the victim to recover. These attacks frequently occur on public transport. You should never accept offers of food, drink or cigarettes from strangers – no matter how friendly or well dressed a person appears.

There have been reports, including in Bogotá, of bogus policemen approaching foreigners to ‘check’ documents or foreign currency.

You should avoid unnecessary visits to deprived areas of all Colombian cities. In Bogotá, you should be vigilant in areas to the south of Candelaria and to the west of the airport road as these parts of the city are particularly dangerous. Homicide rates in the city of Cali are especially high. You should be cautious on city streets, especially after dark. You should avoid, where possible, hailing taxis on the street but instead should book them through hotels or by phoning a reputable taxi company. You should be particularly vigilant when taking money out of cash dispensers.

For more general information see our Victims of Crime Abroad page.

Political Situation

Colombia Country Profile

Colombia has a long, though not uninterrupted, democratic history. The country has suffered from internal armed conflict for over forty years, and, although the security situation has improved considerably over the past few years, it continues to face many problems.

Local Travel

The security situation throughout Colombia is constantly changing. You could also be at serious risk in parts of the country not included in the list provided in the summary of this Travel Advice. You should review your security arrangements.

Colombia is affected by land mines and unexploded ordnance. Mined areas are frequently unmarked. You should be aware of potential dangers when visiting remote locations or venturing off the main roads.

In much of rural Colombia the effective authority of the Colombian State is limited. The British Embassy’s ability to assist British nationals in trouble in these areas will often be similarly limited.

When travelling in Colombia's major cities, your greatest threat will be from common criminals. You should take sensible precautions to avoid unnecessary risk. As well as Bogotá, important business centres include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and Cartagena. Cartagena is a popular tourist destination and venue for major conferences.

Road Travel

To drive in Colombia, you will need to have a valid UK or other recognised driving licence and car insurance is compulsory. Road surfaces, including in large cities, are variable. Driving standards are low and traffic accidents are common. You should avoid driving at night.

The risk of violence and kidnapping is higher in some rural areas, as is the threat of being caught in roadblocks set up by illegal armed groups. Main arterial roads are generally safe to travel on during daylight hours. Preferably you should avoid all travel at night. We recommend against hitchhiking in Colombia.

While we advise against travel to the rural areas of some departments through which the Pan-American Highway passes, the Highway itself is generally well guarded and considered to be reasonably safe. For more general information see our Driving Abroad page.

Rail Travel

There is no significant rail transport system in Colombia.

Entering and Leaving Colombia

Most visitors enter or leave Colombia by air. The national carrier, Avianca, and other national airlines (the main ones are Satena and AeroRepublica) generally have good safety records. Air travel is a key mode of transport in the country, not least because of the risks involved in travel overland.

If entering or leaving Colombia by land from or to Venezuela, we advise you to cross at Cucuta, and not at Arauja, or via Riohacha. If entering or leaving from or to Ecuador we advise you only to take the Pan-American Highway, and not to stop en route between the border and Pasto. Some visitors arrive by sea through Caribbean ports. We advise against trying to cross between Panama and Colombia by land.

If crossing into Colombia from either Ecuador or Venezuela, you are advised to ensure that you have your passport stamped by the immigration authorities on arrival in the country. Failure to do so may result in a fine. If the immigration office on the border is closed, you should seek assistance at the next nearest office of the Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad.

Airport tax for international departures for visitors who stay in Colombia for less than two months is US$30. For stays in excess of two months the tax is US$51. However, the charge depends on the type of visa with which you are issued. The Colombian Embassy in London (tel. 020 7 637 9893, e-mail info@colombianconsulate.co.uk) can advise further.

Local laws and customs

You should avoid all dealings with illegal drugs. Colombian drug trafficking detection methods are sophisticated and anyone attempting to traffick drugs should expect to be arrested. You should pack all your luggage yourself, and not carry items for other people. Conviction leads to severe penalties. In recent months four British nationals have been arrested for trying to smuggle cocaine out of the country.

Homosexuality is legal but not widely socially accepted, especially in rural areas.

Photography of military or strategic sites is not permitted.

It is a serious criminal offence to have sex with under age minors in Colombia and can result in long prison sentences.

For more general advice for different types of travellers see our Your Trip page.

Entry requirements

Visas

British nationals may enter Colombia for up to 60 days as a visitor without a visa, however there is no unconditional right to do so. The decision on whether to permit entry and length of stay rests with the Immigration Officer on arrival.

You may be able to extend your stay up to a maximum of a further 120 days on application and payment of a fee at the immigration office of the Department of Administration and Security once in Colombia. As a visitor, you cannot remain in Colombia for more than 180 days in any twelve-month period. You should not outstay your visa.

Before any travel to Colombia, particularly for purposes other than tourism, you should contact the Colombian Embassy in London (see contact details above).

Passport validity

You should have a valid return ticket with you and your passport should have at least six months’ validity.

You should note that the British Embassy in Bogota no longer issues full passports. All applications must be sent to the British Consulate in Washington. More information can be found at http://ukinusa.fco.gov.uk/en/passports/ on how to apply. In addition you can contact the Care Line Services (the UK Passport Helpline Service) on +44 208 082 4721, between 8.30am and 8.30pm EST, Monday to Friday

Yellow Fever vaccination certificate

Airport authorities have informed us that Yellow Fever vaccination certificates are only needed if you are planning to visit jungle areas of Colombia.

If you intend to travel on to neighbouring countries in Latin America from Colombia, you may not be allowed to do so without production of a Yellow Fever Certificate. You should confirm with the authorities of your next destination whether they require a certificate following your visit to Colombia. Since November 2008, it has been a requirement for all travellers from Colombia to Ecuador to be in possession of a valid Yellow Fever certificate.

Customs regulations on departure

Individuals leaving Colombia are only entitled to carry up to US$10,000 in cash. Anything in excess of this may be confiscated. In May 2006 a British national carrying US$14,000 had $4,000 confiscated by the authorities at the airport, despite his argument that the money belonged to both himself and his wife, who was travelling with him.

Travelling with children

Children under the age of 18 years who have resident status in Colombia and who are travelling on a British passport require written permission whenever they leave the country without both parents. The non-accompanying parent(s) must write a letter giving permission for the child to leave Colombia. The letter must be authenticated by a notary or by a Colombian Consulate. The letter must mention the proposed destination, the purpose of the trip, the date of departure and the return date. More information about Colombian emigration requirements can be obtained from the Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad (DAS) or by contacting the Colombian Consulate-General in London (info@colombianconsulate.co.uk).

Health

Private medical facilities in Colombia are generally of good quality, but may be expensive. Medical facilities in many areas of rural Colombia are limited. Most medicines are generally available, but can be costly.

Yellow Fever, Malaria and Dengue Fever are common to Colombia.

Yellow Fever affects the Magdalena, Cesar, La Guajira, Atlantico, Santander, Norte de Santander and Amazona areas. There is a high incidence of malaria in lowland tropical areas, particularly in Chocó and north western Antioquia.

Dengue Fever is common to Latin America and the Caribbean and can occur throughout the year. In 2007 there was a marked increase in the number of reported cases of Dengue Fever across the region. In Colombia it is more common on the north Caribbean coast, particularly in Chocó, Antioquia, Córdoba, Sucre, Bolivar and Atlantico departments.

In the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic the UNAIDS/WHO Working Group estimated that around 160,000 adults aged 15 or over in Colombia were living with HIV; the prevalence rate was estimated at around 0.6% of the adult population. This compares to the prevalence rate in adults in the UK of around 0.2%. You should exercise normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS. For more general information on how to do this see our HIV and AIDS page.

You should seek medical advice before travelling to Colombia and ensure that all appropriate vaccinations are up-to-date. For further information on vaccination requirements, health outbreaks and general disease protection and prevention you should visit the websites of the National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) and NHS Scotland’s Fit for Travel or call NHS Direct on 0845 46 47.

For more general health information see our Travel Health and Swine Flu pages.

Natural disasters

Earthquakes

Earthquakes occur regularly in Colombia. In the event of an earthquake you should monitor local media reports and follow the advice of the authorities.

Rainy season

There is a risk of floods and landslides after heavy rains throughout the Colombian Andes. You should seek local advice before travelling on mountain roads after heavy rain.

Volcanoes

On 2 January 2010 the Galeras Volcano in Nariño Department erupted. We strongly recommend against all travel to the department of Narino, and the city of Pasto and La Florida. If, against our advice, you are in the vicinity of the volcano, you should pay careful attention to all warnings issued and follow the advice of the local authorities.

In December 2009 the alert level for the Galeras Volcano in Nariño Department was raised to level 2 (eruption probable in days or weeks). We strongly recommend against all travel to the department of Narino, and the city of Pasto and La Florida. If, against our advice, you are in the vicinity of the volcano, you should pay careful attention to all warnings issued and follow the advice of the local authorities.

Since November 2008, Cerro Machin in Tolima Department (approx 17km west of Ibague) has been showing signs of increased instability resulting in the evacuation of residents in the immediate vicinity. The alert level has been set at Level 3. Travellers to the area should pay careful attention to all warnings issued and follow the advice of the local authorities.

The Nevado del Huila volcano in the Parque de los Nevados (on the Huila/Cauca/Tolima boundary) erupted in November 2008, causing a mudslide. Since the eruption, Colombia's Institute of Seismology has reduced the state of alert to Level 3 ( changes in volcanic activity). Several hundred people living in the immediate area were evacuated, and there were reports of a number of deaths and injuries. Despite the reduced alert level, we advise that all travel in the vicinity of the volcano should be avoided at the present time. You should pay careful attention to all warnings issued and follow the advice of the local authorities.

General

Insurance

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. For more general information see our Travel Insurance page.

If things do go wrong when you are overseas then see our When Things Go Wrong page.

Registering with the British Embassy

Register with our LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency.

More information about registering with LOCATE can be found here.

Identification

You should carry a photocopy of the data page and Colombian visa from your passport at all times, plus copies of other important documents. These should be kept separately from the originals, and copies left with friends or relatives in the UK. You should enter your next of kin details in the back of your passport.

Money

You should ensure you bring enough money with you or have access to enough money in your bank account to cover the costs of your visit. US dollars and Euros are widely exchangeable. Should you run out of money you can have money wired to you by a relation or friend through Western Union.

You should use credit and debit cards with caution and are advised to keep receipts. When using an ATM, try to do so during business hours at a location inside a bank, supermarket or large commercial building. You should be particularly vigilant before and after using an ATM on the street – robberies are common, especially at night.

British Honorary Consulates

There are British Honorary Consulates in Cali, Cartagena and Medellín, which can provide consular assistance. Contact details can be found on the Embassy website.

Chile travel advice

This advice has been reviewed and reissued with amendments to the Summary (Presidential elections on 17 January). The overall level of the advice has not changed.

Travel Summary

• Chileans will vote on Sunday 17 January 2010 in Presidential elections. See the Political section of this Travel Advice.
  
  
• There is an underlying threat from international terrorism. Attacks, although unlikely, could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.
  
  
• Llaima volcano located south of Santiago and the Chaiten volcano in southern Chile both erupted in 2009. Some areas surrounding the volcanoes have been evacuated.. If you are in these areas you should follow media reports and the advice of the local authorities. Please see the Natural Disasters section for more details.
  
  
• Minefields are located in regions XV Arica – Parinacota (formerly part of Region I), I Tarapaca, II Antofagasta in the north and XII Magallanes y Antartica in the south (please see map at www.escolares.net). We recommend checking with the local authorities before travelling to the border areas of the regions.
  
  
• Around 65,000 British tourists visit Chile every year (source: SERNATUR - Chilean National Tourist Authority). Most visits are trouble-free. 16 British nationals required consular assistance in Chile in the period 01 April 2008 – 31 March 2009 for the following types of incident: deaths (2 cases); hospitalisations (5 cases); and arrests, for a variety of offences (3 cases). During this period assistance was also requested with regard to lost or stolen passports (74 cases). Pickpocketing, other thefts and muggings are also common and are on the increase. See the Crime section of this Travel Advice.
  
  
• We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. See the General (Insurance) section of this advice and Travel Insurance.

Safety and security

Terrorism

There is an underlying threat from international terrorism. Attacks, although unlikely, could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.

There are occasional acts of low-level domestic terrorism by left wing groups. On 15 July 2007, a bomb exploded outside the British Embassy causing some structural damage but no casualties. There is no evidence of an ongoing threat to British nationals but travellers are advised to remain vigilant.

For more general information see Terrorism Abroad.

Crime

Pickpocketing, other thefts and muggings are common throughout Chile and have been increasing since 2007, particularly around well-known tourist sites, bus stations and areas of Santiago frequented by foreigners such as Las Condes, Vitacura and Providencia. You should pay particular attention to your belongings in popular foreign cafes, restaurants and internet cafes where there has been an increase in bag theft.

You should not leave luggage unattended, and should be particularly attentive at bus terminals, restaurants and whilst travelling through the Lake District (Pucon, Villarrica) as there has been a rise in theft in these areas. You are advised not to put any valuables in the storage compartments of buses and coaches - keep them with you at all times.

There have also been reports of muggings, sometimes by armed groups, in popular walking or scenic areas such as Cerro San Cristobal, Cerro Santa Lucia and Cerro Manquehue. You are therefore advised to take great care with your belongings, keep in groups and not walk alone late at night. When travelling by taxi you are advised to book in advance rather than hailing from the street, especially late at night. There have been increased reports of people being given ‘spiked’ drinks in nightclubs and bars, particularly in the Suecia and Bellavista areas of Santiago. These can have the effect of causing short-term amnesia, leaving the victim open to theft or worse.

You are advised to leave your passport, tourist card (given upon entry into Chile), most bank cards and larger amounts of money in a safe place and to carry a photocopy of the details page of your passport with you at all times.

For more general information see Victims of Crime Abroad.

Political Situation

Chileans will vote on Sunday 17 January 2010 in Presidential elections. Many shops, including supermarkets, are likely to be shut on Sunday morning and alcohol cannot be sold in public places from Saturday night until the voting stations close late Sunday afternoon. On Sunday night, when the result will be announced, large crowds of people are likely to gather in public squares in and around Santiago centre. These gatherings will probably be good-natured, but tourists might wish to avoid the area during this time and they should be extra vigilant about their possessions and be on the lookout for pickpockets and petty criminals.

Chile Country Profile

Demonstrations

Nationwide protests often take place on 11 September (anniversary of the military coup) and 1 May (Workers’ Day). They frequently become violent. The largest protests usually take place in central Santiago. Demonstrations have in the past resulted in destruction to property and arrests. Police can use tear gas and water cannons against protesters. You should avoid political protests, particularly on these dates.

Other public demonstrations, often led by students or indigenous rights defenders, can occur sporadically around Chile.

Local Travel

Chile has a small but significant landmine problem. Landmine accidents mainly affect livestock and small numbers of local people crossing the borders at unauthorised crossing points. Minefields are located primarily in border areas adjacent to Peru and Bolivia in the extreme north of Chile, Regions XV, I and II, and Argentina in the south in Region XII. Although most minefields are clearly marked, some signs and fences have been subjected to the effects of weather or vandalism and may be hard to recognise, particularly in the north of the country. Minefields are, in some cases, laid right up to the edge of highways. You should also be aware that there are mined areas in six government-protected wilderness areas in Regions XV, I, II in the north and XII in the south. You are advised to check with local authorities before travelling to these areas, stick to clearly marked roads and observe all warning signs.

The main road between Chile (Arica region) and Bolivia is currently being blockaded by protesters at Tambo Quemado in Bolivia. If you intend to travel from Chile into Bolivia on this route you should check the Bolivian Government’s website (in Spanish), which gives up-to-date information on road blockades, and make amendments to your journey if necessary.

If you wish to go exploring or mountaineering, we recommend that you notify the local authorities of your intended expedition before you set off. For further information on mountaineering you should contact the Federación de Andinismo de Chile, at Almirante Simpson 77, Santiago, Chile, Tel: (56 2) 2220888. For any other type of exploring, we advise that you contact the Chilean Embassy in London, to see if any permits are required. There are good rescue facilities in Chile. You may be charged for the service provided.

Road Travel

To drive in Chile, you will require a valid international driving licence or new European format driving licence (with a photograph).

Car hire is possible throughout Chile and the most well known firms are represented. You are advised to take out adequate insurance including for windscreen damage, which can be expensive.

Main roads in Chile are paved. However, you may wish to consider a four-wheel drive vehicle for driving in the countryside. Chile contains a complete range of driving conditions, from snow and ice to hot sandy deserts. Road tolls are increasingly common.

For more general information see Driving Abroad.

Local laws and customs

The consumption and possession of drugs is illegal.

Homosexuality is legal in Chile. It is increasingly widely accepted socially, although much of Chilean society is conservative.

For more general information for different types of travellers see our Your trip page.

Entry requirements

Visas

If you are a British passport holder visiting Chile for less than 90 days, you do not require a visa. If you wish to stay longer, you should consult the nearest Chilean Embassy. On arrival in Chile the Immigration Authorities will issue you with a “Tarjerta de Turismo – Tourist Card”, an A5 sized white form. You need to retain this document and present it to Immigration on leaving the country.

Once in Chile, if you decide to stay for 90 days or more, you should approach the Chilean Immigration Department located in Agustinas 1235, Santiago. Tel: 56 2 550 2400.

Travelling with children

Single parents or other adults travelling alone with children should be aware that Chile requires notarised documentary evidence of parental or judicial authority to enable a child to leave Chile either alone, accompanied by one parent or accompanied by a third party. For further information on exactly what will be required at immigration please contact the Chilean Embassy in London.

Health

There are good health facilities in Santiago and the major cities, but private clinics and hospitals are expensive. Air pollution in Santiago during winter (June-September) is a major problem. You may therefore suffer from eye irritation and respiratory problems.

There are sporadic cases of cholera outside Santiago and typhoid and Hepatitis B are fairly common, especially during the warm season, which lasts from December to March in central Chile. Cholera and Typhoid are food and water borne diseases.

Dengue fever is common to Latin America and the Caribbean and can occur throughout the year. In 2007 there was a marked increase in the number of reported cases of dengue across the region. In Chile the only area reported to be affected is Easter Island (Isla de Pascua). No fatalities have been reported.

In the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic the UNAIDS/WHO Working Group estimated that around 31,000 adults aged 15 or over in Chile were living with HIV; the prevalence rate was estimated at around 0.3% of the adult population. This compares to the prevalence rate in adults in the UK of around 0.2%. You should exercise normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS. For more general information on how to do this see HIV and AIDS.

You should seek medical advice before travelling to Chile and ensure that all appropriate vaccinations are up-to-date. For further information on vaccination requirements, health outbreaks and general disease protection and prevention you should visit the websites of the National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) and NHS Scotland’s Fit for Travel or call NHS Direct on 0845 46 47.

For more general health information see Travel Health and for food and drink hygiene see Eat and Drink Safely.

Natural disasters

Volcanoes

On 19 February 2009 Volcano Chaiten in southern Chile erupted, following earlier eruptions in May 2008. 150 local residents from the town of Chaiten, 10km south of the volcano, have been evacuated. Further eruptions cannot be ruled out and the Chilean authorities are on full alert in the area, ready to respond to any further developments.

On 3 April 2009, the Llaima volcanoes in the Conguillo National Park erupted. The area surrounding the volcano has been evacuated and a Red Alert is in place for the towns of La Selva, Bellavista, Las Mercedes, El Danubio, Colonia Caupolican, Los Lleuques, Bajo Ileuque and Captren. A Yellow Alert has been issued for the surrounding areas of Cunco, Melipeuco and Lonquima.

Earthquakes

Chile is in a high-risk zone for earthquakes. On 14 November 2007, an earthquake measuring 7.8 on the Richter scale occurred in northern Chile.

A powerful 7.9 magnitude earthquake struck northern Chile on 14 June 2005, causing 11 deaths and cuts in power and communication for several days. Before then, the last major earthquake in Santiago was in March 1985.

A serious earthquake is always a possibility; however, building regulations require new structures to take account of seismic risks. Safety measures are widely known and put into practice by national organisations and local authorities. You are advised to monitor the local press for government warnings and updates. Please refer to the Chilean National Emergency Office (ONEMI) website (in Spanish) for further information.

General

Insurance

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. For more general information see Travel Insurance.

If things do go wrong when you are overseas then this is How We Can Help.

Registering with the British Embassy

Register with our LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency. More information about registering with LOCATE can be found here.

Money

ATMs are widely available. Be aware that your debit or credit card company is likely to charge you for using an ATM overseas.

Credit cards (Visa, Mastercard and, to a lesser extent, American Express) are accepted in most large shops and hotels. Dollar travellers’ cheques are more widely accepted than travellers’ cheques in other currencies. It is possible to transfer money from the UK to Chile through Western Union.

Contact Details

If you are a British national visiting Chile for more than a brief period, you are advised to register on arrival at British Embassy in Santiago, Chile.

British Antarctic Territory travel advice

This advice has been reviewed and reissued with an amendment to the Summary (removal of Swine Flu paragraph). The overall level of the advice has not changed.

Travel Summary

• The British Antarctic Territory is a British Overseas Territory. There is no formal British diplomatic or consular representation in the British Antarctic Territory and it is administered from London. See the Contact Details section of this advice for more details.
  
  
• You may require a permit issued by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office if you are organising a trip to Antarctica, including the British Antarctic Territory. You are also encouraged to travel with a company affiliated to the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO). See gidance for visitors to Antarctica for more details.
  
  
• The British Antarctic Territory is inaccessible during the winter (March-October) and during the rest of the year there will be times when, because of the prevailing weather conditions landings may be difficult. See the Local Travel section of this advice for more details.
  
  
• There is a low threat from terrorism. But you should be aware of the global risk of indiscriminate terrorist attacks which could be in public areas, including those frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.
  
  
• We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. See the General (Insurance) section of this advice and Travel Insurance for more details.

Safety and security

Terrorism

The threat from terrorism is low. But you should be aware of the global risk of indiscriminate terrorist attacks which could be against civilian targets, including places frequented by foreigners. For more general information see terrorism abroad.

Crime

There is no history of crime within the Territory. The Territory has no indigenous population and the only residents are personnel who work at the few scientific research stations in the Territory.

For more general information see victims of crime abroad.

Political situation

British Antarctic Territory Country Profile

Local travel

There are no air links to the Territory and there are no road links within the Territory. Access to Antarctica is by sea only.

In winter (March-October) the Territory is inaccessible. And during the Austral summer (November-February) there will be times when, because of the prevailing westerly winds and lack of sheltered anchorage, landings may be difficult.

Local laws and customs

The British Antarctic Territory is a British Overseas Territory. The Territory has a comprehensive set of its own laws and is administered by a Commissioner, based in London. (See contact details below).

For more general information for different types of travellers see your trip.

Entry requirements

Before travelling to the British Antarctic Territory, and the wider continent of Antarctica, you will need a valid permit which your tour organiser may obtain from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London.

For further information on permits, please see: guidance for visitors to Antarctica.

Health

There are no medical or search and rescue facilities within the Territory. You should be aware of the harsh climatic conditions in Antarctica.

You should exercise normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS. For more general information on how to do this see HIV and AIDS.

You should seek medical advice before travelling to British Antarctic Territory and ensure that all appropriate vaccinations are up-to-date. For further information on vaccination requirements, health outbreaks and general disease protection and prevention you should visit the websites of the National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) and NHS Scotland’s Fit for Travel or call NHS Direct on 0845 46 47.

For more general health information see travel health and Swine Flu.

General

Insurance

We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. For more general information see Travel Insurance.

If things do go wrong when you are overseas then this is how we can help.

Registration

Register with our LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency.

Contact details

Government of the British Antarctic Territory
Polar Regions Unit
Overseas Territory Department
Foreign & Commonwealth Office
London
SW1A 2AH.

Tel: 020 7008 1921

Fax: 020 7008 2086

Office Hours (GMT): Mon-Fri: 0900-1300 and 1400-1700.

International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO) - http://www.iaato.org/

Brazil travel advice

This advice has been reviewed and reissued with an amendment to the Summary and Natural Disasters section (severe weather in the state of Rio de Janeiro). The overall level of the advice has not changed.

Travel Summary

• Severe weather has affected the state of Rio de Janeiro, in particular the Ilha Grande and Angra dos Reis areas. There have been a number of casualties. You should monitor local media reports for updates on the situation.
  
  
• Levels of crime and violence are high, particularly in major cities. You should be particularly vigilant before and during the festive and Carnival periods, as there is often a seasonal upsurge in robberies around this time. Remain alert and aware of local conditions at all times. See the Crime section of this advice for more details.
  
  
• Around 181,000 British nationals visited Brazil in 2008 (source: Brazilian Ministry of Tourism). Most visits are trouble-free. 77 British nationals required consular assistance in Brazil in the period 01 April 2008 – 31 March 2009, the most serious incidents being: deaths (12 cases); hospitalisations (20 cases); and arrests, for a variety of offences (22 cases). During this period assistance was also requested with regard to lost or stolen passports (59 cases).
  
  
• There is an underlying threat from international terrorism. Attacks, although unlikely, could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers.
  

• Drug trafficking is widespread in Brazil, and incurs severe penalties.
  

• We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. See the General (Insurance) section of this advice and Travel Insurance for more details.
  

Safety and security

Terrorism

There is an underlying threat from international terrorism. Attacks, although unlikely, could be indiscriminate, including in places frequented by expatriates and foreign travellers. For more general information see our Terrorism Abroad page.

Crime

Levels of violence and crime are high. Shanty-towns (“favelas”) exist in all major Brazilian cities; they are characterised by poverty and extremely high levels of violent crime. Do not venture into a favela even with well-organised tours, as favelas can be unpredictably dangerous areas. Outbreaks of violence, particularly aimed at police and officials, can occur at anytime and may be widespread and unpredictable. Public transport is likely to be disrupted during periods of unrest. You should remain alert and aware of local conditions at all times.

You should be particularly vigilant before and during the festive and Carnival periods, as there is often a seasonal upsurge in robberies around this time. Violence and crime can occur anywhere and often involve firearms or other weapons. You should be extra vigilant, particularly in major cities. You are advised to dress down, avoid wearing jewellery and expensive watches, and only carry small sums of money. Conceal mobile phones and cameras. You should be ready to hand over your valuables if threatened; do not attempt to resist attackers as they will often use their weapons, particularly if under the influence of drugs. Safeguard valuables at all times, including your passport.

The crime rate in Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro, is higher than in many other regions, partly because the district attracts lots of tourists and hosts large events. You should see the Crime section of this advice for more details about crime and violence.

Thefts from cars are common, and cases of car jacking occur, sometimes with the occupants being taken and forced to withdraw money from their accounts at cash machines. When in a car you should keep the doors locked and the windows closed, and take particular care at traffic lights. In three or more lanes of traffic, consider using the middle lane(s), where safety may be higher.

Avoid venturing out after dark in quiet streets except under reliable local advice. The threat of personal attack is lower outside the cities. However, incidents can occur anywhere, even in holiday destinations that appear relatively secure.

The incident of rape and other sexual offences is statistically low, but there have been reports of attacks against both men and women, and some have involved 'date rape' drugs - you should purchase your own drinks and keep them within sight at all times to avoid them being drugged. For more information see the rape and sexual assault abroad.

Credit card fraud is common. Try to keep sight if your card at all times. Additionally, with the possibility of theft, consider keeping a spare credit card for emergencies in your hotel safe, if there is one, in a sealed envelope (for extra security- to indicate fraudulent access to the safe).

Mobile phone cloning occurs. Take care of your handset.

For more general information see victims of crime abroad.

Political Situation

Brazil Country Profile

Local travel

Public transport

Some forms of public transport (e.g. buses, the metro, and trams), can be unsafe, particularly in major cities. There have been instances where gangs have set buses alight leaving passengers inside after robbing them. There are also frequent bus crashes (see the “Road Travel” section of this advice), with buses very often not responding to traffic lights or “Stop” signs. The risk is lower in São Paulo, but the bus and metro system is complicated. Bus travel between and in major cities is relatively safe, although there have been incidents of hijacking and robbery of tour buses in recent years.

On arrival in Brazil, ensure that you use licenced (rather than unlicenced) airport taxis. You can pick up licensed taxis from the many recognised taxi ranks around Brazilian cities - a driver’s photographic licence on display is a good indication that a taxi is registered.

Road travel

Drive cautiously in Brazil. The style of driving and standards are very different from the UK. Brazil has a high road accident rate. In many rural areas the quality of roads away from the main highways, and the poor standard of driving especially of trucks and buses, requires particular vigilance from drivers more used to British standards of driving.

Brazil has a zero tolerance policy on drink driving. Even a small alcoholic drink will put you over the legal driving limit. If you are caught driving whilst under the influence of alcohol, it is likely that you will be prosecuted. The penalties range from being fined and also suspended from driving for 12 months, to imprisonment for up to three years.

For more general information see driving abroad.

Air travel

For more general information see airline security.

Rail travel

The rail and metro infrastructure is limited in Brazil. In the past there have been some safety and security incidents on these public transport systems.

Sea Travel

You should be vigilant of safety procedures on board vessels if travelling on a river or the sea. In the past there have been cases of both armed and unarmed attacks on merchant vessels, including British flag vessels off the Brazilian coast and in some Brazilian ports. In particular, boat accidents on the Amazon river are not uncommon.

For more general information see river and sea safety.

Swimming

Strong currents and sharks can be a problem off some beaches. You should take local advice before swimming.

Local laws and customs

Drugs

Drug trafficking is widespread in Brazil. If you are caught trafficking the penalties are severe. The penalties for possession of drugs for personal use range from educational classes to community service.

Paedophilia and child prostitution

The sexual abuse of children is a serious crime and widespread in Brazil. The UK and Brazilian authorities are committed to combating travelling child sex offenders and the Brazilian Government continues to crack down on those who commit such offences. Those arrested and convicted can expect to receive long prison sentences. Legislation in the UK, the Sex Offenders Act 1997, can be used to prosecute in the UK those who commit sex offences against children abroad, and has already been used successfully in cases of British nationals who have committed such offences elsewhere in the world.

Gap Year Travellers

Please read: GOGAPYEAR.COM

Homosexuality

There is no legislation against homosexuality in Brazil. The country has a tradition of tolerance towards homosexuality, and Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo are regarded as destinations for gay travellers. However, gay travellers should be generally aware of local sensitivities.

For more general information for different types of travellers see your trip.

Entry requirements

Visas

British nationals can normally enter Brazil without a visa as tourists for an initial maximum stay of 90 days. However, it is important that you comply with Brazilian immigration laws on arrival in country and satisfy the Federal Police (the Brazilian immigration authority) of your intended purpose of visit. It is particularly important to be able to demonstrate that you have sufficient money to fund the duration of your stay, and that you also have details of your accommodation and a return airline ticket or evidence that you are going to leave the country by other means of transport. If you do not, then you risk being denied entry into the country.

If you wish to extend your stay you should apply to the Federal Police for an extension in advance of your 90-day period. If you overstay the validity of your visa, you are likely to be given notice to leave the country at your own expense and risk fines and/or deportation.

It is important that you retain your immigration landing card (green) that is required to leave the country – if you lose it you could be subject to a R$165 fine payable in cash only. It is also important that you have enough cash to pay the airport tax (R$115 payable in cash only) if this has not been paid with your airline ticket, which is a requirement to leave the country.

The Brazilian Immigration Authorities are vigilant to foreigners claiming to be visitors when in fact their intention is to work in Brazil (e.g. by undertaking training and equipment maintenance).

For further information about entry requirements for Brazil, you should contact your nearest Brazilian Embassy or Consulate. The full contact details of the Brazilian Embassy in London.

Passport validity

Your passport should be valid for at least ninety days to comply with Brazilian immigration rules. However, there are occasions when immigration authorities in some Brazilian states will require passports to have up to six months validity; you are recommended to check with your nearest Brazilian Embassy / Consulate, travel agency or airline in advance of your departure date.

Often the Brazilian Immigration Authorities will require dual British/Brazilian nationals visiting Brazil to travel on Brazilian (rather than British) passports.

Yellow Fever Certificate

If you have recently visited a country, which is known to suffer from outbreaks of Yellow Fever, you will need to show that you have been vaccinated against the disease. Please see the National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) and NHS Scotland's Fit For Travel.

Travelling with children

There are additional requirements for all children under 18 entering and/or transiting Brazil without their parents or legal guardian (including on school trips), or if travelling with one parent only. You should contact your nearest Brazilian Embassy or Consulate for up-to-date advice on requirements, or visit the website of the Brazilian Embassy in the UK.

Health

There is a dedicated swine flu page on the FCO website. Guidance on Pandemic Flu can be obtained on the UK Department of Health website.

Foreign nationals are entitled to unforeseen emergency medical treatment in Brazilian public hospitals. However, you are not obliged to offer treatment for existing illnesses or care after you have been stabilised. Public hospitals in Brazil, especially in major cities, tend to be crowded. Private hospitals will not accept you unless you can present evidence of sufficient funds or insurance.

Dengue Fever is common to Latin America and the Caribbean and can occur throughout the year. From January to July 2009, the number of Dengue Fever cases reported across several states of Brazil was down 46% compared to the same period in 2008 (approximately 70% of Dengue cases are usually reported between January to May each year). Whilst the authorities seem to have limited the spread of the disease, the following states have registered an increased number of cases: Acre, Amapa, Bahia, Espirito Santo, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul- source: Brazilian Ministry of Health. There is no vaccine to protect against Dengue Fever, and you should therefore use mosquito repellent regularly and cover up with suitable clothing to avoid being bitten. Symptoms of Dengue Fever usually begin 7 to 10 days after being bitten and include high fever with aching joints and bones and a headache. If you develop these symptoms, you should consult a doctor.

A number of Yellow Fever cases have been reported. The affected states are Sao Paulo (25 confirmed cases including nine deaths between February and April 2009) and Rio Grande do Sul (18 confirmed cases including 7 deaths between November 2008 and May 2009) - source: Brazilian Health Ministry. Yellow Fever vaccination is recommended at least 10 days prior to visiting some parts of Brazil, including the states affected by this outbreak. In the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic the UNAIDS/WHO Working Group estimated that around 710,000 adults aged 15 or over in Brazil were living with HIV; the prevalence rate was estimated at around 0.6% of the adult population. This compares to the prevalence rate in adults in the UK of around 0.2%.
You should exercise normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS. For more general information on how to do this see HIV and AIDS.

You should seek medical advice before travelling to Brazil and ensure that all appropriate vaccinations are up-to-date. For further information on vaccination requirements, health outbreaks and general disease protection and prevention you should visit the websites of the National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) and NHS Scotland’s Fit for Travel or call NHS Direct on 0845 46 47.

For more general health information see travel health.

Natural disasters

Severe weather has affected the state of Rio de Janeiro, in particular the Ilha Grande and Angra dos Reis areas. There have been a number of casualties. You should monitor local media reports for updates on the situation.

Flash floods and landslides, especially in poorer urban areas, occur regularly.

General

We advise you to check the integrity and safety standards of any adventure travel tour you may use, before embarking on the journey.

Insurance

We recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. For more general information see travel insurance.

If things do go wrong when you are overseas then this is how we can help.

Registration

Register with our LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency.

Contact details

The British Consulate in Rio de Janeiro provides assistance to British nationals in the following states: Rio de Janeiro, Espirito Santo, Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraiba, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceara, Piaui, Maranhao.

British Consulate-General

Praia do Flamengo, 284/2

22210-030

Rio de Janeiro RJ

Tel: (55) (21) 2555 9600

Website: www.ukinbrazil.fco.gov.uk
E-mail: brazil.consular@fco.gov.uk
Fax: (55) (21) 2555 9670

Office Hours (local time):

Mon-Thurs: 0830-1230 and 1330-1645

Fri: 0830-1230 and 1330-1630

Please note that the Consular section is open to the public from 0830-1230, Mon-Fri.

The British Consulate in Sao Paulo provides assistance to British nationals in the following states: Sao Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Parana, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul.

British Consulate-General

Rua Ferreira de Araujo, 741 – 2 andar

Pinheiros

05428-002

Sao Paulo – SP

Tel: (55) (11) 3094 2700
Website: www.ukinbrazil.fco.gov.uk

E-mail: brazil.consular@fco.gov.uk

Fax: (55) (11) 3094 2717

Office hours (local time):
Mon-Thurs: 0830-1230 and 1330-1645
Fri: 0830-1230 and 1330-1630
Please note that the Consular section is open to the public from 0830-1230, Mon-Fr

The British Embassy in Brazil provides assistance to British nationals in the following states: Goias, Mato Grosso, Rondonia, Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Para, Amapa, Tocantins.

British Embassy
Setor de Embaixadas Sul
Quadra 801, Conjunto K
CEP 70200-010

Brasilia – DF

Tel: (55) (61) 3329 2300

Website: www.ukinbrazil.fco.gov.uk
E-mail: brazil.consular@fco.gov.uk

Fax: (55) (61) 3329 2369

Office hours: (local time)
Mon – Thurs 08:30-1230 and 1330-1730
Fri: 0830-1230 and 1330-1630

Please note that the Consular section is open to the public from 0830-1230 Mon-Fri